Neoplastic (Malignant or Benign)

• CARCINOID SYNDROME: Carcinoid tumor producing Bradykinin + Serotonin------> secondary symptoms:
  • Cyanotic flushing
  • Diarrhea
  • Bronchial spasm
  • Edema, ascites.
• CRONKHITE-CANADA SYNDROME: GI-Polyps with diffuse alopecia (hair-loss) and nail dystrophy.
  • May see protein-losing enteropathy and malabsorption.
• GARDNER'S SYNDROME:Multiple inherited tumors, hereditary dominant trait.
  • Skull osteomas, Fibromas, Epidermoid cysts
  • Colonic polyposis (APC gene) ------> predisposition to colonic adenocarcinoma.
• LAMBERT-EATON SYNDROME:Progressive proximal muscle weakness secondary to a carcinoma.
• MEIGS' SYNDROME: Fibroma of ovary with ascitesand hydrothorax
• PANCOAST SYNDROME: Tumor near pulmonary apex------>
  • Neuritic pain of chest and arm
  • Muscle atrophy of the arm
  • Horner's Syndrome (impaired cervical sympathetics)
• PEUTZ-JEGHERS SYNDROME: Polyposis (hamartomas) of small intestine
  • Also see melanin pigmentation of buccal mucosa and skin around mouth and lips